Can you clarify a little? Are you just wanting it to pull the previous 5 months from whatever month you pulled out of the table? Or the previous 5 months that an event happened? Do you have any code of what you are trying to accomplish?
Without knowing exactly the purpose you are trying to accomplish here, I will assume that you are trying to output the previous 5 months of the calendar year. There are many ways that you could do this. If they are listed in incremental order within this table, you could move your LIMIT 1 to LIMIT 6. If that doesn't work, you could always create a new table with a first column that lists all of the months in the year, then the second column with their previous 5 months, or something to that nature. Then, when you want to call those previous months, simply do a select on the table you just created like so:
SELECT month1, month2, month3, month4, month5 FROM table WHERE currentmonth = $variable
Am I even on the right track?