I have pretty much the same problem.
I am just starting without any previous experience with xampp, php or MySQL, I have been coding in C for a few years and have used Java before.
Just wanted to play with a local website design using a Joomla template as my method for learning php etc.
I installed XAMPP 1.8.3 and then a Joomla template into htdocs.
Xampp runs fine and I have localhost and other pages without issue.
localhost/myphpadmin is blank.
I have not yet created a DB as I cannot access myphpadmin and have no code yet either.
The error reporting is set as you suggest but no errors are reported.
For error_reporting I used a - 1, phpinfo shows it as 22527 while display_error is On
The source for the phpmyadmin is blank but using FF dev tools the error console shows:
Error: The character encoding of the HTML document was not declared. The document will render with garbled text in some browser configurations if the document contains characters from outside the US-ASCII range. The character encoding of the page must be declared in the document or in the transfer protocol. Source File: http://localhost/phpmyadmin/
Also tried with Opera and IE
I have installed Xampp on a USB drive labelled as V: as my SS C: drive has limited space.
I installed the Java SDK as well (Version 8 update 20 build 1.8.0_20-b26
php is reported as 5.5.15 in xampp.
This all happened straight from install, so no editing of files by me. All I have edited since is the error entries in php.ini