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Checkbox/Radio Button Mastery

OldManRiver

By OldManRiver
in PHP Coding Help

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OldManRiver Member

OldManRiver

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Posted

All,

 

Because of the problems with MSIE, it took me over 3 days to master/perfect the code to properly process radio buttons and checkboxes.  The other day was doing some clean up on my machine and lost the file.  I have rebuilt most, but still having some problems and this is significant enough I intend to put into online wiki/howto when done, so it doesn't get lost again.

 

The main problems run around two (2) main issues:

[*]Checkboxes according to all the PHP manuals and docs must be declared with $var[] array notation, which does not work in MSIE causing errors from HTML validators, which basically must be perfect or MSIE will not run.  MSIE6 has more problems with the code than MSIE7 but the handling for all this is significant enough it needs to be a shared solution.

[*]JavaScript that most like to use for this do not call or pass their vars back to the PHP code correctly and just getting document.formname.submit() to work inside of the javascript, to recall the current page for processing is not an easy task to accomplish, again especially in MSIE.

Therefore I am posting the code I currently have to gain assistance in getting this right again so we can all get this posted online as example for all the noobie and junior coders to gain insight from.  Ideally I think this should get posted back into the PHP online documents so other can find it right off and not spend needless hour hashing out this complicated problem.

 

Here is my code so far:

 

<?php
   $chk_stat = isset($_POST['one']) ? 'checked="checked"' : '';
   if (!empty($chk_stat)) {
      $dsp_lin = "Box Checked!";
   } else {
      $dsp_lin = "Box UnChecked!";
   }
   $chk_mult = isset($_POST['two']);
   if (!empty($chk_mult)) {
      $chk_mult = 1;
   }
   switch ($chk_mult) {
      case 1:
      	 $dsp_str = "Box One is Checked";
         $chk_vl1 = 'checked="checked"';
         $chk_vl2 = '';
         $chk_vl3 = '';
         break;
      case 2:
      	 $dsp_str = "Box Two is Checked";
         $chk_vl1 = '';
         $chk_vl2 = 'checked="checked"';
         $chk_vl3 = '';
         break;
      case 3:
      	 $dsp_str = "Box Three is Checked";
         $chk_vl1 = '';
         $chk_vl2 = '';
         $chk_vl3 = 'checked="checked"';
   }
   $rad_stat = isset($_POST['rd1']) ? 'checked="checked"' : '';
   if (!empty($rad_stat)) {
      $rad_lin = "Box Checked!";
   } else {
      $rad_lin = "Box UnChecked!";
   }
   $rad_mult = isset($_POST['rd2']);
   if (!empty($rad_mult)) {
      $rad_mult = 1;
   }
   switch ($rad_mult) {
      case 1:
      	 $rad_str = "Button One is Checked";
         $rad_vl1 = 'checked="checked"';
         $rad_vl2 = '';
         $rad_vl3 = '';
         break;
      case 2:
      	 $rad_str = "Button Two is Checked";
         $rad_vl1 = '';
         $rad_vl2 = 'checked="checked"';
         $rad_vl3 = '';
         break;
      case 3:
      	 $rad_str = "Button Three is Checked";
         $rad_vl1 = '';
         $rad_vl2 = '';
         $rad_vl3 = 'checked="checked"';
   }
?>

<html>
<head>
   <script>
      function checkedAll (id, checked) {
         var el = document.getElementById(id);
         for (var i = 0; i < el.elements.length; i++) {
            el.elements[i].checked = checked;
         }
      }
      // document.form['oneclick'].submit();
   </script>
</head>

<body>

<!-- PHP section -->
<form name=oneclick id="form_one" method=post action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
   <font size='+3' color='blue'><b>PHP Section</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <table border='0' cellspacing='0' cellpading='0'>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Check Boxes</b></font><br>
   <input type="checkbox" name="one" onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $chk_stat; ?> />
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Checkbox</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $dsp_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Checkboxes</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="two" id='1' value='1' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $chk_vl1; ?> /> Checkbox One   
   <input type="checkbox" name="two" id=2 value=2 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $chk_vl2; ?> /> Checkbox Two   
   <input type="checkbox" name="two" id=3 value=3 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $chk_vl3; ?> /> Checkbox Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $dsp_str"; ?>
      </td>
      <td width='100'> </td>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Radio Buttons</b></font><br>
   <input type="radio" name="rd1" onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $rad_stat; ?> />
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Button</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $rad_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Buttons</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="radio" name="rd2" id='1' value='1' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $rad_vl1; ?> /> Button One   
   <input type="radio" name="rd2" id=2 value=2 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $rad_vl2; ?> /> Button Two   
   <input type="radio" name="rd2" id=3 value=3 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $rad_vl3; ?> /> Button Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $rad_str"; ?>
      </td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</form>

<p>
<hr width='100%' align='center'>

<!-- JavaScript section -->
<form name='twoclick' id="form_two" method='post' action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
   <font size='+3' color='blue'><b>JavaScript Section</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <table border='0' cellspacing='0' cellpading='0'>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Check Boxes</b></font><br>
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb1" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleAll('form_two', cb1)">
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Checkbox</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Checkboxes</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox One   
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id=2 onclick="javascript:toggleIten('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox Two   
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id=3 onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_str"; ?>
      </td>
      <td width='100'> </td>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Radio Buttons</b></font><br>
   <input type="radio" name="jv1" onclick="javascript:toggleAll('form_two', jv1)">
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Button</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_out"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Buttons</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id='1' value='1' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button One   
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id=2 value=2 onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button Two   
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id=2 value=2 onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_sel"; ?>
      </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
      <td>
   <font size=+2><b>Select/Unselect All</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="foo" id='1'/>
   <input type="checkbox" name="bar" id=2/>
   <a href="javascript:checkedAll('form_two', true)">all</a>
   <a href="javascript:checkedAll('form_two', false)">none</a>
      </td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

 

Downloading and running you can see the obvious problems in the current code.  All help here in getting this right (again) is appreciated.

 

Thanks!

 

OMR

 

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Psycho Prolific Member

Psycho

Posted
Posted

To be honest I don't have a clue as to what problem you are trying to explain. Processing checkboxes and radio buttons is not difficult. Your code looks to be way more complicated than it needs to be: creation of variable that are not needed, hard coding when loops should be used, etc.

 

I reduced your 58 lines of PHP code to process the data to about 20 lines and it all works.

 

<?php

   $chk_stat = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? ' checked="checked"' : '';
   $dsp_lin  = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? 'Box Checked!' : 'Box UnChecked!';

   if (isset($_POST['two']))
   {
      foreach($_POST['two'] as $field)
      {
          $chkVar = 'chk_vl'.$field;
          $$chkVar = ' checked="checked"';
          $dsp_ary[] = "Checkbox $field is checked";
      }
      $dsp_str = implode(', ', $dsp_ary);
   }

   $rad_stat = (isset($_POST['rd1'])) ? ' checked="checked"' : ''; 
   $rad_lin  = (isset($_POST['rd1'])) ? 'Button Checked!' : 'Button UnChecked!';

   if (isset($_POST['rd2']))
   {
      foreach($_POST['rd2'] as $field)
      {
         $radVar = 'rad_vl'.$field;
         $$radVar = ' checked="checked"';
         $rad_ary[] = "Button $field is checked";
      }
      $rad_str = implode(', ', $rad_ary);
   }

?>

<html>
<head>
   <script>
      function checkedAll (id, checked) {
         var el = document.getElementById(id);
         for (var i = 0; i < el.elements.length; i++) {
            el.elements[i].checked = checked;
         }
      }
      // document.form['oneclick'].submit();
   </script>
</head>

<body>

<!-- PHP section -->
<form name=oneclick id="form_one" method=post action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
   <font size='+3' color='blue'><b>PHP Section</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <table border='0' cellspacing='0' cellpading='0'>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Check Boxes</b></font><br>
   <input type="checkbox" name="one" onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $chk_stat; ?> />
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Checkbox</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $dsp_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Checkboxes</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="two[]" id='1' value='1' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $chk_vl1; ?> /> Checkbox One   
   <input type="checkbox" name="two[]" id="2" value=2 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $chk_vl2; ?> /> Checkbox Two   
   <input type="checkbox" name="two[]" id="3" value=3 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $chk_vl3; ?> /> Checkbox Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $dsp_str"; ?>
      </td>
      <td width='100'> </td>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Radio Buttons</b></font><br>
   <input type="radio" name="rd1" onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"
      <?php echo $rad_stat; ?> />
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Button</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $rad_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Buttons</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="radio" name="rd2[]" id='1' value='1' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $rad_vl1; ?> /> Button One   
   <input type="radio" name="rd2[]" id=2 value=2 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $rad_vl2; ?> /> Button Two   
   <input type="radio" name="rd2[]" id=3 value=3 onclick="document.oneclick.submit()"<?php echo $rad_vl3; ?> /> Button Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $rad_str"; ?>
      </td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</form>

<p>
<hr width='100%' align='center'>

<!-- JavaScript section -->
<form name='twoclick' id="form_two" method='post' action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
   <font size='+3' color='blue'><b>JavaScript Section</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <table border='0' cellspacing='0' cellpading='0'>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Check Boxes</b></font><br>
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb1" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleAll('form_two', cb1)">
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Checkbox</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Checkboxes</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox One   
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id=2 onclick="javascript:toggleIten('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox Two   
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id=3 onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_str"; ?>
      </td>
      <td width='100'> </td>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Radio Buttons</b></font><br>
   <input type="radio" name="jv1" onclick="javascript:toggleAll('form_two', jv1)">
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Button</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_out"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Buttons</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id='1' value='1' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button One   
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id=2 value=2 onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button Two   
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id=2 value=2 onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_sel"; ?>
      </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
      <td>
   <font size=+2><b>Select/Unselect All</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="foo" id='1'/>
   <input type="checkbox" name="bar" id=2/>
   <a href="javascript:checkedAll('form_two', true)">all</a>
   <a href="javascript:checkedAll('form_two', false)">none</a>
      </td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

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OldManRiver Member

OldManRiver

Posted
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Posted

mjdamato,

 

Thanks for your submittal, but getting errors out of the foreach loops.  Also you did not address the init of the first item in the multi collections which I fixed with:

 

   if (!isset($_POST['two'])) {
      $chk_vl1 = 'checked="checked"';
   }

 

and

 

   if (!isset($_POST['rd2'])) {
      $rad_vl1 = 'checked="checked"';
   }

 

respectively, which I thought I had addressed in my code, but forgot as now several version ahead of the original code.

 

Thanks!

 

OMR

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OldManRiver Member

OldManRiver

Posted
  • Author
Posted

All,

 

OK latest code is here:

 

<?php
   $show_me = 0;
   if ($show_me==1) {
      foreach ($_POST as $key => $val) {
         echo "K=> $key V=> $val <br>";
      }
   }
   if (!isset($_POST['one'])) {
      $chk_stat = 'checked="checked"';
   }
   $chk_stat = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? 'checked="checked"' : '';
   $dsp_lin  = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? 'Box Checked!' : 'Box UnChecked!';
   if (!isset($_POST['two'])) {
      $chk_vl1 = 'checked="checked"';
   }
   if (isset($_POST['two'])) {
      foreach($_POST as $key => $val) {
      	 if ($key=='two') {
//            echo "K=> $key V=> $val <br>";
            $chkVar = 'chk_vl'.$val;
            $$chkVar = 'checked="checked"';
            $dsp_ary[] = "Checkbox $val is checked";
//      	    echo "F=> $chkVar V=> $$chkVar D=> $dsp_ary <br>";
         }
      }
      $dsp_str = implode(', ', $dsp_ary);
   }
   if (!isset($_POST['rd1'])) {
      $rad_stat = 'checked="checked"';
   }
   $rad_stat = (isset($_POST['rd1'])) ? 'checked="checked"' : '';
   $rad_lin  = (isset($_POST['rd1'])) ? 'Button Checked!' : 'Button UnChecked!';
   if (!isset($_POST['rd2'])) {
      $rad_vl1 = 'checked="checked"';
   }
   if (isset($_POST['rd2'])) {
      foreach($_POST as $key => $val) {
      	 if ($key=='rd2') {
//            echo "K=> $key V=> $val <br>";
            $radVar = 'rad_vl'.$val;
            $$radVar = 'checked="checked"';
            $rad_ary[] = "Button $val is checked";
//      	    echo "F=> $radVar V=> $$radVar D=> $rad_ary <br>";
         }
      }
      $rad_str = implode(', ', $rad_ary);
   }
?>

<html>
<head>
   <script>
      function checkedAll (id, checked) {
         var el = document.getElementById(id);
         for (var i = 0; i < el.elements.length; i++) {
            el.elements[i].checked = checked;
         }
      }
      // document.form['oneclick'].submit();
   </script>
</head>

<body>

<!-- PHP section -->
<form name=oneclick id="form_one" method=post action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
   <font size='+3' color='blue'><b>PHP Section</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <table border='0' cellspacing='0' cellpading='0'>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Check Boxes</b></font><br>
   <input type="checkbox" name="one" onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $chk_stat; ?> />
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Checkbox</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $dsp_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Checkboxes</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="two" id='1' value='1' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $chk_vl1; ?> />
      Checkbox One   
   <input type="checkbox" name="two" id='2' value='2' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $chk_vl2; ?> />
      Checkbox Two   
   <input type="checkbox" name="two" id='3' value='3' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $chk_vl3; ?> />
      Checkbox Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $dsp_str"; ?>
      </td>
      <td width='100'> </td>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Radio Buttons</b></font><br>
   <input type="radio" name="rd1" onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $rad_stat; ?> />
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Button</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $rad_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Buttons</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="radio" name="rd2" id='1' value='1' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $rad_vl1; ?> />
      Button One   
   <input type="radio" name="rd2" id='2' value='2' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $rad_vl2; ?> />
      Button Two   
   <input type="radio" name="rd2" id='3' value='3' onclick="document.oneclick.submit()" <?php echo $rad_vl3; ?> />
      Button Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $rad_str"; ?>
      </td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</form>

<p>
<hr width='100%' align='center'>

<!-- JavaScript section -->
<form name='twoclick' id="form_two" method='post' action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" >
   <font size='+3' color='blue'><b>JavaScript Section</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <table border='0' cellspacing='0' cellpading='0'>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Check Boxes</b></font><br>
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb1" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleAll('form_two', cb1)">
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Checkbox</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_lin"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Checkboxes</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox One   
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id='2' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox Two   
   <input type="checkbox" name="cb2" id='3' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', cb2)">
      Checkbox Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_str"; ?>
      </td>
      <td width='100'> </td>
      <td>
   <font size='+2'><b>Radio Buttons</b></font><br>
   <input type="radio" name="jv1" onclick="javascript:toggleAll('form_two', jv1)">
   <font size='+1'><b>Single Toggling Button</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_out"; ?>
   <p>
   <font size='+1'><b>Multiple Buttons</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id='1' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button One   
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id='2' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button Two   
   <input type="radio" name="jv2" id='3' onclick="javascript:toggleItem('form_two', jv2)">
      Button Three
   <p>
   <?php echo "<p> $jav_sel"; ?>
      </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
      <td>
   <font size=+2><b>Select/Unselect All</b></font><br>
   <p>
   <input type="checkbox" name="foo" id='1'/>
   <input type="checkbox" name="bar" id=2/>
   <a href="javascript:checkedAll('form_two', true)">all</a>
   <a href="javascript:checkedAll('form_two', false)">none</a>
      </td>
      </tr>
   </table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

 

It has the following errors or incorrect functioning:

 

Single Boxes/Buttons

[*]Boxes/Buttons do not init as checked or on,

[*]Radio Button will not uncheck.

Multi Boxes/Buttons

  • Check boxes click up in value but will not decrement unless highest box value is checked.

The single checkbox and the multi-radio buttons work fine.

 

Working on these problems.  Think a hidden field is needed to fix the single buttons inits.  May also need that to correct down checking the multi checkbox collection.

 

See not near as easy a problem to solve as many think.

 

OMR

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Psycho Prolific Member

Psycho

Posted
Posted

Sorry, but I still don't see why you are having such difficulty. The code I posted worked fine for me. As for not "init" the first field I assume you mean you want the first field to be checked if none of them are checked. I didn't pick that up from your code. It is not that it is difficult, just that it is not something I would normally see as a requirement.

 

As for the problems you mentioned:

 

1. Boxes/Buttons do not init as checked or on

What does that mean? Are you saying you want a checkbox or button to be checked by default if none was selected by the user.? Simple enough.

 

2. Radio Button will not uncheck.

You can't "uncheck" radio buttons - that is by their nature.

 

3. Check boxes click up in value but will not decrement unless highest box value is checked.

It looks as if you are creating multiple checkboxes to act as a radio group. Why, just use a radio group.

 

The code last posted has a lot of problems with basic logic:

   $show_me = 0;
   if ($show_me==1) {
      foreach ($_POST as $key => $val) {
         echo "K=> $key V=> $val <br>";
      }
   }

What is the purpose of that code. You first set the value of $show_me to 0 and then have a condition to test if it is equal to 1. That code has absolutely no purpose.

   if (!isset($_POST['one'])) {
      $chk_stat = 'checked="checked"';
   }
   $chk_stat = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? 'checked="checked"' : '';
   $dsp_lin  = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? 'Box Checked!' : 'Box UnChecked!';

Not sure what the purpose of $chk_stat is since you set it to the same value no matter if it was checked previously or not. Most of those lines are totally unneeded. Just have this:

   $chk_stat = 'checked="checked"';
   $dsp_lin  = (isset($_POST['one'])) ? 'Box Checked!' : 'Box UnChecked!';

 

Also, the radio groups field names were changed such that they are no longer treated as arrays - which they are supposed to be. Also, the three checkboxes should also be given names such that they are treated as arrays based upon your usage of them.

 

I'm really not understanding what you are tryin to accomplish here. This is apparently more of an academic exercise rather than a real-world problem. A form is typically filled out and submitted so that information can be processed. This page seems to be one where it is continually submitted to "mirror" the functionality that would exist if you were not submitting the form on every click.

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