[SOLVED] Curly brackets in the script, dont understand them

xgd · June 30, 2009

Hello, i have this script tp edit users that works, i made it using this book, but there is a line that goes like "} else {", and the closing bracket on that line doesnt have an opening bracket, and opening bracket doesnt have a closing bracket, but it must be like that in order to work (i have tried variations). I dont understand how it works ? Heres the whole script, and then just the dodgy part:


		 <?php

$page_title = "Edit user";

include('includes/header.html');

echo "<h1>Edit user</h1>";

if ( (isset($_GET['id'])) && (is_numeric($_GET['id'])) ) {

   $id = $_GET['id'];
   
   } elseif ( (isset($_POST['id'])) && (is_numeric($_POST['id'])) ) {
   
    $id = $_POST['id'];
} else {
echo "this pages been accessed in error";
include('includes/footer.html');
exit();

}


require_once('includes/mysqli_connect.php');

if (isset($_POST['submitted'])) {

   $errors = array();

if (empty($_POST['first_name'])) {
   $errors[] = "Didnt enter FIRST NAME";
   } else {
   $fn = $_POST['first_name'];
   }
   
if (empty($_POST['last_name'])) {
   $errors[] = "Didnt enter LAST NAME";
   } else {
   $ln = $_POST['last_name'];
   }
   
if (empty($_POST['email'])) {
   $errors[] = "Didnt enter EMAIL";
   } else {
   $e = $_POST['email'];
   }
   
 if (empty($errors)) {


$q = "SELECT user_id FROM users WHERE email='$e' AND user_id!=$id ";

 $r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);

 // THE CODE ABOVE THIS DOESNT MATTER! THE DOGY PART STARTS RIGHT HERE

 if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 0) {

  $q = "UPDATE users SET first_name='$fn', last_name='$ln', email='$e' WHERE user_id=$id LIMIT 1";

  
$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);
  
  if (mysqli_affected_rows($dbc) == 1) {
  
     echo "User HAS BEEN UPDATED<BR />";
	 } else {

	   echo "system error".mysqli_error($dbc);
	   }
	   
	   } else {
	   echo "the email address has already been registered";
	   } 
	   } else { //here are the shifty brackets, closing one without an opener and vice versa
	   
	   echo "the following errors occured: <br />";
	   
	   foreach ($errors as $msg) {
	   
	      echo $msg."<br />";
		  
		  }  //end of foreach
		  }  //end of if (empty($errors)
		  } //end of main if conditional
		  // but where the hell is the end for the opening bracket  before "echo following errors occured??????
		  
//THE CODE BELOW THIS DOESNT MATTER, THE DODGY PART ENDS HERE 

      $q = "SELECT first_name, last_name, email FROM users WHERE user_id=$id";
		  
		  $r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);
		  
		  if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 1) {
		  
		     $row = mysqli_fetch_array($r, MYSQLI_NUM);


			 echo '<form action="edit_user.php" method="post">
                  
		   
			  <p>First Name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="' .$row[0]. '"/></p>
			  
			  <p>Last Name: <input type="text" name="last_name" value="' .$row[1]. '"/></p>
   
              <p>Email: <input type="text" name="email" value="'.$row[2].'"/></p>
			  
			  <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Update" />
			  
			  <input type="hidden" name="submitted" value="TRUE" />
			  
			  <input type="hidden" name="id" value="'.$id.'" />
			  
			  </form>';
			    } else {
			  echo "this page has been accessed in error<br />";
			  }
			  include('includes/footer.html');
			?>

<?php
if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 0) {

  $q = "UPDATE users SET first_name='$fn', last_name='$ln', email='$e' WHERE user_id=$id LIMIT 1";

  
$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);
  
  if (mysqli_affected_rows($dbc) == 1) {
  
     echo "User HAS BEEN UPDATED<BR />";
	 } else {

	   echo "system error".mysqli_error($dbc);
	   }
	   
	   } else {
	   echo "the email address has already been registered";
	   } 
	   } else { //here are the shifty brackets, closing one without an opener and vice versa
	   
	   echo "the following errors occured: <br />";
	   
	   foreach ($errors as $msg) {
	   
	      echo $msg."<br />";
		  
		  }  //end of foreach
		  }  //end of if (empty($errors)
		  } //end of main if conditional
		  // but where the hell is the end for the opening bracket  before "echo following errors occured??????
?>

gevans · June 30, 2009

<?php

$page_title = "Edit user";

include('includes/header.html');

echo "<h1>Edit user</h1>";

if ( (isset($_GET['id'])) && (is_numeric($_GET['id'])) ) {

$id = $_GET['id'];

} elseif ( (isset($_POST['id'])) && (is_numeric($_POST['id'])) ) {

$id = $_POST['id'];
} else {
echo "this pages been accessed in error";
include('includes/footer.html');
exit();

}


require_once('includes/mysqli_connect.php');

if (isset($_POST['submitted'])) {

$errors = array();

if (empty($_POST['first_name'])) {
	$errors[] = "Didnt enter FIRST NAME";
} else {
	$fn = $_POST['first_name'];
}

if (empty($_POST['last_name'])) {
	$errors[] = "Didnt enter LAST NAME";
} else {
	$ln = $_POST['last_name'];
}

if (empty($_POST['email'])) {
	$errors[] = "Didnt enter EMAIL";
} else {
	$e = $_POST['email'];
}

if (empty($errors)) {


	$q = "SELECT user_id FROM users WHERE email='$e' AND user_id!=$id ";

	$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);

	// THE CODE ABOVE THIS DOESNT MATTER! THE DOGY PART STARTS RIGHT HERE

	if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 0) {

		$q = "UPDATE users SET first_name='$fn', last_name='$ln', email='$e' WHERE user_id=$id LIMIT 1";


		$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);

		if (mysqli_affected_rows($dbc) == 1) {

			echo "User HAS BEEN UPDATED<BR />";
		} else {

			echo "system error".mysqli_error($dbc);
		}

	} else {
		echo "the email address has already been registered";
	} 
} else { //here are the shifty brackets, closing one without an opener and vice versa

	echo "the following errors occured: <br />";

	foreach ($errors as $msg) {

		echo $msg."<br />";

	}  //end of foreach
}  //end of if (empty($errors)
} //end of main if conditional
// but where the hell is the end for the opening bracket  before "echo following errors occured??????

//THE CODE BELOW THIS DOESNT MATTER, THE DODGY PART ENDS HERE 

$q = "SELECT first_name, last_name, email FROM users WHERE user_id=$id";

$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);

if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 1) {

$row = mysqli_fetch_array($r, MYSQLI_NUM);


echo '<form action="edit_user.php" method="post">


<p>First Name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="' .$row[0]. '"/></p>

<p>Last Name: <input type="text" name="last_name" value="' .$row[1]. '"/></p>

<p>Email: <input type="text" name="email" value="'.$row[2].'"/></p>

<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Update" />

<input type="hidden" name="submitted" value="TRUE" />

<input type="hidden" name="id" value="'.$id.'" />

</form>';
} else {
echo "this page has been accessed in error<br />";
}
include('includes/footer.html');
?>

That's your code againt with the correct indentation, all the code is fine. All openning brackets have a closing bracket.

exhaler · June 30, 2009

u are confused by the else before the foreach, as u can see below the if (empty($errors)) ends before the foreach and not after it, i've also added comments after each closing braces "}" to show which if has ended

<?php
$page_title = "Edit user";
include('includes/header.html');
echo "<h1>Edit user</h1>";

if ((isset($_GET['id'])) && (is_numeric($_GET['id']))) {
   		$id = $_GET['id'];
   	} else if ((isset($_POST['id'])) && (is_numeric($_POST['id']))) {
    	$id = $_POST['id'];
} else {//end of if else if ((isset($_POST['id'])) && (is_numeric($_POST['id'])))
	echo "this pages been accessed in error";
	include('includes/footer.html');
	exit();
}// end of of if ((isset($_GET['id'])) && (is_numeric($_GET['id'])))

require_once('includes/mysqli_connect.php');

if (isset($_POST['submitted'])) {
	$errors = array();
	if (empty($_POST['first_name'])) {
   		$errors[] = "Didnt enter FIRST NAME";
   	} else { // end of if (empty($_POST['first_name']))
   		$fn = $_POST['first_name'];
   	}
   
	if (empty($_POST['last_name'])) {
		$errors[] = "Didnt enter LAST NAME";
	} else { // end of if (empty($_POST['last_name']))
		$ln = $_POST['last_name'];
   	}
   
	if (empty($_POST['email'])) {
   		$errors[] = "Didnt enter EMAIL";
   	} else { //end of if (empty($_POST['email']))
   		$e = $_POST['email'];
   	} 

 	if (empty($errors)) {
		$q = "SELECT user_id FROM users WHERE email='$e' AND user_id!=$id ";

 		$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);

 		// THE CODE ABOVE THIS DOESNT MATTER! THE DOGY PART STARTS RIGHT HERE

 		if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 0) {
  			$q = "UPDATE users SET first_name='$fn', last_name='$ln', email='$e' WHERE user_id=$id LIMIT 1";
				$r = mysqli_query($dbc, $q);
  
  			if (mysqli_affected_rows($dbc) == 1) {
    			echo "User HAS BEEN UPDATED<BR />";
	 		} else { //end of if (mysqli_affected_rows($dbc) == 1)
	 			echo "system error".mysqli_error($dbc);
	  		}
	   	} else { // end of if (mysqli_num_rows($r) == 0)
			echo "the email address has already been registered";
	   	} 
	} else { // end of if (empty($errors))
		echo "the following errors occured: <br />";
		foreach ($errors as $msg) {
			echo $msg."<br />";
		}  // end of foreach
	}  // end of else (above)
} // end of if (isset($_POST['submitted']))
?>

xgd · June 30, 2009

Hey man, thanks for replying. I know the ode is correct, that is what confuses me.

i still do not know where is the closing bracket for the opening one that starts above "echo "the following errors occured" ?

The last 3 brackets dont close that one as far as i can tell, actually i am sure they dont. Can you pinpoint the closing bracket for that opening one please ?

xgd · June 30, 2009

My previous posty was for gevans.

Exhaler, yes i see now, you might be right. THANK YOU.

But when i look at the commented script from the author, it says the "if (empty($errros)) { finished where I said/thought it did.

I guess he made the mistake, because your explanation makes sense.

thanks again for helping.

PFMaBiSmAd · June 30, 2009

Are you using a programming editor that highlights the corresponding {} when you put the cursor on any { or }? Try notepad++

xgd · June 30, 2009

Yes i am using dreameaver. The problem wasnt in being unable to visual the different brackets, but THE DAMN AUTHOR OF THE BOOK I AM USING DIDNT COMMENT THE SCRIPT RIGHT.

thanks again to exhaler for solving the mistery.

All is well now, lock this topic if you wish.

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[SOLVED] Curly brackets in the script, dont understand them

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