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Simple things like Jay or other strings that are md5 hashed can be reversed using brute force, which I won't go into details with. This is why having a combination of numbers and/or numbers with capitals and such can make it difficult for someone to decrypt passwords and such.

Hashing functions do not have an inverse because they're not bijections. It should be quite obvious why for instance MD5 isn't invertible. Its output is always 32-bit, so if you give it 33-bit input (or n-bit input for n > 32) you've lost information. How would you figure out what the last bit(s) should be?

 

Please not that you cannot "reverse" it by brute-force either. You can find input that has the same hash though. Kind of like n^2 = (-n)^2 but -n != n where n is a positive real number.

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