You mean are most questions we get here about Javascript? No, it's mostly PHP, but it's mostly PHP in a web context. As in PHP is running on a website and people are visiting it in their browser. Which means Javascript is an option. But sometimes there are non-web PHP questions.
I don't know which one of those this thread is yet...
If you want to run something every X minutes then the standard answer is to use cron: every *nix server has it, it runs in the "background", meaning it's not driven by or reliant upon users taking specific actions (such as "keeping the browser open so something can do AJAX requests"), and you can still do just about anything you want with PHP.
For the 30 minutes one, you make a script that runs whatever database queries it needs. I don't know what it's supposed to do if the value changes? Then you tell the server (exact steps vary) that you want to run some command-line program (ie, PHP with the path to your script) every 30 minutes.
For the 10 minutes one, you make a script that runs whatever database queries it needs. Then you tell the server you want to run a second program (also PHP) every 10 minutes.