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Don't think about it in terms of references. Those are really just about &s. What PHP does with everything, not just arrays, is called copy-on-write. Meaning PHP will reuse a value up until you try to change it. That is when it starts making a copy. That's why they say never to use references to save memory: PHP is already saving memory for you.

Get a copy of MySQL Workbench. There's a right-click menu option to go straight to it.

First please use the code icon (<>) and choose PHP. It makes your code much easier to read. Which is line 118? Did you echo all your variables to make sure they contain what you expect?

When you install a fresh wordpress website, the CMS by default create TWO config-php files which are: wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php Once, installation is done, then it is always recommended to remove "wp-config-sample.php" from the server, so that hackers can't use it to hack your website. Now coming, to your question, where did you added the DB Name, ID and Password? But, if your website was already live and shifted your wordpress website from one server to another then you may notice an 404 error all across the pages. This may be because of SSL issue and .htaccess. You may have to install and activate ssl on your website using cpanel read this. My website issue fixed using ssl installation.

You simply rename wp-config-sample.php to wp-config.php or check this guide to fix database connection error. https://www.webminto.com/how-to-fix-error-establishing-a-database-connection-in-wordpress/